基于装饰者模式的thrift连接池实现(C++版本)

就一个连接池而已,为什么要采用装饰者模式,听着咋感觉那么高深?

所谓连接池,也就是连接先不close,放入池中,等待下次需要用的时候,直接从池中取出即可用,省去了tcp握手的时间,所以这个可以看作是一个长连接,知道连接池清除空闲连接把多余的连接清除掉才会释放。

而普通的连接,用完后如果生命周期内不再使用了,就会销毁掉。

所以基于普通的连接,要定义出线程池的那种用完放回线程池的连接,就需要把close的方法进行重写,所以可以采用继承的方法实现,相当于产生了两个子类,一个是普通连接类,一个是线程池化的连接类。

如图,如果我还想有个连接,它是优化了传输性能处理的,岂不是还要实现一个具体类?那如果我需要一个线程池化以及优化性能的连接呢?再生成一个类吗?显然不太可取了,类型会变得非常多。

这个时候可以使用装饰者模式来实现。

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ThriftTransportPool::init() // 简化实现
{
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper>> pool;
pool[i] = std::make_shared<PooledTransport>(std::make_shared<TransportWrapper>(transport), \
this->shared_from_this()); // 将普通连接进行装饰
}

ServerInfo serverInfo("127.0.0.1", 8080);
ThriftTransportPool transportPool(5, serverInfo); // 5个连接

std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> transportWrapper = transportPool.get(); // 从池中获取
std::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TBinaryProtocol(transportWrapper->getTransport()));
CalculatorClient client(protocol);
client.ping();
transportWrapper.close(); // 放入连接池中

std::make_shared<OptiTransport>(std::make_shared<PooledTransport>(std::make_shared<TransportWrapper>(transport), \
this->shared_from_this())) //如果想要加入性能优化功能,再装饰一下就行

如果想要加入性能优化功能,再使用OptiTransport装饰一下就行,所以后期扩展比较方便,不会产生类爆炸的问题,新加特性增强,只需要无限套娃即可。

源码实现

包装下服务器相关信息。

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// ServerInfo.hpp
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class ServerInfo
{
public:
ServerInfo(string host, int port)
{
this->host = host;
this->port = port;
}

string getHost()
{
return host;
}

void setHost(string host)
{
this->host = host;
}

int getPort()
{
return port;
}

void setPort(int port)
{
this->port = port;
}

string tostring()
{
return "host:" + host + ",port:" + to_string(port);
}

private:
string host;
int port;
};

包装下thrift中的transport,类似于http中的socket。该包装类TransportWrapper可以查看和控制transport的一些生存状态。

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// ITransportWrapper.h
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>

#include <thrift/transport/TTransportUtils.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

class ITransportWrapper
{
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<TTransport> TTransportPtr;
ITransportWrapper() = default;
virtual ~ITransportWrapper()
{}

virtual bool isBusy() = 0;
virtual void setIsBusy(bool isBusy) = 0;
virtual bool isDead() = 0;
virtual bool isOpen() = 0;
virtual void setIsDead(bool isDead) = 0;
virtual TTransportPtr getTransport() = 0;
virtual void setTransport(TTransportPtr transport) = 0;
/**
* 当前transport是否可用
*
* @return
*/
virtual bool isAvailable() = 0;
virtual time_t getLastUseTime() = 0;
virtual void setLastUseTime(time_t lastUseTime) = 0;
virtual string getHost() = 0;
virtual int getPort() = 0;
virtual string tostring() = 0;

virtual void open() = 0;
virtual void destroy() = 0;
virtual void close() = 0;
};

// TransportWrapper.hpp
#pragma once

#include "ITransportWrapper.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>

#include <thrift/protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <thrift/server/TThreadPoolServer.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TSocket.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TTransportUtils.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::concurrency;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

class TransportWrapper : public ITransportWrapper
{
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<TTransport> TTransportPtr;
typedef std::shared_ptr<TSocket> TSocketPtr;
TransportWrapper(string host, int port, bool isOpen = false)
{
TSocketPtr socket(new TSocket(host, port));
TTransportPtr transport(new TFramedTransport (socket));
this->lastUseTime = time(0);
this->transport = transport;
this->host = host;
this->port = port;
if (isOpen)
{
try
{
transport->open();
}
catch (TException &e)
{
std::cout << host << ":" << port << " " << e.what() << std::endl;
isDead_ = true;
}
}
}

TransportWrapper() = default;

~TransportWrapper() = default;

bool isBusy() override
{
return isBusy_;
}

void setIsBusy(bool isBusy_) override
{
this->isBusy_ = isBusy_;
}

bool isDead() override
{
return isDead_;
}

bool isOpen() override
{
return transport->isOpen();
}

void setIsDead(bool isDead_) override
{
this->isDead_ = isDead_;
}

TTransportPtr getTransport() override
{
return transport;
}

void setTransport(TTransportPtr transport) override
{
this->transport = transport;
}

/**
* 当前transport是否可用
*
* @return
*/
bool isAvailable() override
{
return !isBusy_ && !isDead_ && transport->isOpen();
}

time_t getLastUseTime() override
{
return lastUseTime;
}

void setLastUseTime(time_t lastUseTime) override
{
this->lastUseTime = lastUseTime;
}

string getHost() override
{
return host;
}

int getPort() override
{
return port;
}

string tostring() override
{
return host + ":" + to_string(port) + ",isBusy:" + to_string(isBusy_) + ",isDead:" + to_string(isDead_) + ",isOpen:" +
to_string(transport->isOpen()) + ",isAvailable:" + to_string(isAvailable()) + ",lastUseTime:" + ctime(&lastUseTime);
}

void open() override
{
if (!transport->isOpen())
{
try
{
transport->open();
}
catch (TException &e)
{
std::cout << host << ":" << port << " " << e.what() << std::endl;
isDead_ = true;
}
}
}

/**
* 默认关闭连接
*
* @return
*/
void destroy() override
{
this->transport->close();
}

/**
* 默认关闭连接
*
* @return
*/
void close() override
{
this->transport->close();
}

private:
TTransportPtr transport;

/**
* 是否正忙
*/
bool isBusy_ = false;

/**
* 是否已经挂
*/
bool isDead_ = false;

/**
* 最后使用时间
*/
time_t lastUseTime;

/**
* 服务端Server主机名或IP
*/
string host;

/**
* 服务端Port
*/
int port;
};

上面的TransportWrapper类为ITransportWrapper类的普通实现,transport用完后就会释放连接,而对于连接池用到的transport,要求用完后需要放回到连接池中,而不是释放连接,否则tcp就要不停的握手了。所以下面用装饰模式来实现能自动放回连接池的transport包装类,即PoolingTransport。

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// ITransportDecorator.h
#pragma once

#include "ITransportWrapper.h"

#include <thrift/protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <thrift/server/TThreadPoolServer.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TSocket.h>
#include <thrift/concurrency/ThreadManager.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TTransportUtils.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::concurrency;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;
using namespace apache::thrift::server;

class ITransportDecorator : public ITransportWrapper
{
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<TTransport> TTransportPtr;
ITransportDecorator(std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> _transportWrapper) : transportWrapper(_transportWrapper)
{
}

ITransportDecorator() = default;

~ITransportDecorator()
{}

virtual bool isBusy() override
{
return transportWrapper->isBusy();
}

virtual void setIsBusy(bool isBusy) override
{
transportWrapper->setIsBusy(isBusy);
}

virtual bool isDead() override
{
return transportWrapper->isDead();
}

virtual bool isOpen() override
{
return transportWrapper->isOpen();
}

virtual void setIsDead(bool isDead) override
{
transportWrapper->setIsDead(isDead);
}

virtual TTransportPtr getTransport() override
{
return transportWrapper->getTransport();
}

virtual void setTransport(TTransportPtr transport) override
{
transportWrapper->setTransport(transport);
}

/**
* 当前transport是否可用
*
* @return
*/
virtual bool isAvailable() override
{
return transportWrapper->isAvailable();
}

virtual time_t getLastUseTime() override
{
return transportWrapper->getLastUseTime();
}

virtual void setLastUseTime(time_t lastUseTime) override
{
transportWrapper->setLastUseTime(lastUseTime);
}

virtual string getHost() override
{
return transportWrapper->getHost();
}

virtual int getPort() override
{
return transportWrapper->getPort();
}

virtual string tostring() override
{
return transportWrapper->tostring();
}

virtual void open() override
{
transportWrapper->open();
}

/**
* 默认关闭连接
*
* @return
*/
virtual void destroy() override
{
transportWrapper->destroy();
}

/**
* 默认关闭连接,可被装饰成别的功能,比如放回连接池中
*
* @return
*/
virtual void close() override
{
transportWrapper->close();
}

protected:
std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> transportWrapper;
};

// PoolingTransport.hpp
#pragma once

#include "ITransportDecorator.h"
#include "ITransportWrapper.h"
#include "TransportWrapper.hpp"
#include "ITransportPool.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

class PoolingTransport : public ITransportDecorator, public std::enable_shared_from_this<PoolingTransport>
{
public:
PoolingTransport(std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> _transportWrapper, std::shared_ptr<ITransportPool> _transportPool)
: ITransportDecorator(_transportWrapper), transportPool(_transportPool)
{
}

PoolingTransport() = default;

~PoolingTransport() = default;

/**
* 默认关闭连接,装饰成放回连接池中
*
* @return
*/
virtual void close() override
{
std::shared_ptr<ITransportPool> pool = transportPool.lock();
if (pool)
{
transportPool->release(this->shared_from_this());
}
}

private:
std::weak_ptr<ITransportPool> transportPool;
};

至于这个装饰类实现后怎么用,然后是重头戏,连接池类,可以从该连接池中取得transport的包装类,用于通信,用完后自动释放到连接池中,这里就要对普通的类再调用装饰类进行装饰,初始化连接池连接时,就是包装好的能自动放进连接池的transportWrapper。

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// ITransportPool.h
#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>

#include "ITransportWrapper.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

class ITransportPool
{
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> ITransportWrapperPtr;

ITransportPool()
{}
virtual ~ITransportPool()
{}
virtual int getCheckInvervalSecond() = 0;
virtual void setCheckInvervalSecond(int checkInvervalSecond) = 0;
/**
* 从池中取一个可用连接
* @return
*/
virtual ITransportWrapperPtr get() = 0;
/**
* 客户端调用完成后,必须手动调用此方法,将TTransport恢复为可用状态
*
* @param client
*/
virtual void release(ITransportWrapperPtr client) = 0;
virtual void destory() = 0;
/**
* 获取当前已经激活的连接数
*
* @return
*/
virtual int getActiveCount() = 0;
/**
* 获取当前繁忙状态的连接数
*
* @return
*/
virtual int getBusyCount() = 0;
/**
* 获取当前已"挂"掉连接数
*
* @return
*/
virtual int getDeadCount() = 0;
virtual string tostring() = 0;
virtual string getWrapperInfo(ITransportWrapperPtr client) = 0;

virtual void init() = 0;
};

// ThriftTransportPool.hpp
#pragma once

#include "ITransportPool.h"
#include "TransportWrapper.hpp"
#include "ServerInfo.hpp"
#include "PoolingTransport.hpp"

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <exception>
#include <mutex>

#include <thrift/protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TSocket.h>
#include <thrift/transport/TTransportUtils.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::concurrency;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

class ThriftTransportPool : public ITransportPool, public std::enable_shared_from_this<ThriftTransportPool>
{
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> ITransportWrapperPtr;
sem_t access;
std::mutex mt;
std::vector<ITransportWrapperPtr> pool;
int poolSize = 1; //连接池大小
int minSize = 1; //池中保持激活状态的最少连接个数
int maxIdleSecond = 300; //最大空闲时间(秒),超过该时间的空闲时间的连接将被关闭
int checkInvervalSecond = 60; //每隔多少秒,检测一次空闲连接(默认60秒)
std::vector<ServerInfo> serverInfos;
bool allowCheck = true;
std::thread checkThread;

/**
* 连接池构造函数,多台服务器
*
* @param poolSize 连接池大小
* @param minSize 池中保持激活的最少连接数
* @param maxIdleSecond 单个连接最大空闲时间,超过此值的连接将被断开
* @param checkInvervalSecond 每隔多少秒检查一次空闲连接
* @param serverList 服务器列表
*/
ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, int minSize, int maxIdleSecond, int checkInvervalSecond, vector<ServerInfo> &serverList)
{
construct(poolSize, minSize, maxIdleSecond, checkInvervalSecond, serverList);
}

/**
* 连接池构造函数,单台服务器
*
* @param poolSize 连接池大小
* @param minSize 池中保持激活的最少连接数
* @param maxIdleSecond 单个连接最大空闲时间,超过此值的连接将被断开
* @param checkInvervalSecond 每隔多少秒检查一次空闲连接
* @param serverList 服务器列表
*/
ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, int minSize, int maxIdleSecond, int checkInvervalSecond, ServerInfo &server)
{
std::vector<ServerInfo> serverList;
serverList.push_back(server);
construct(poolSize, minSize, maxIdleSecond, checkInvervalSecond, serverList);
}

/**
* 连接池构造函数(默认最大空闲时间300秒),多台服务器
*
* @param poolSize 连接池大小
* @param minSize 池中保持激活的最少连接数
* @param serverList 服务器列表
*/
ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, int minSize, vector<ServerInfo> &serverList) : ThriftTransportPool(poolSize, minSize, 300, 60, serverList)
{
}

ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, vector<ServerInfo> &serverList) : ThriftTransportPool(poolSize, 1, 300, 60, serverList)
{
}

ThriftTransportPool(vector<ServerInfo> &serverList) : ThriftTransportPool(serverList.size(), 1, 300, 60, serverList)
{
}

/**
* 连接池构造函数(默认最大空闲时间300秒),单台服务器
*
* @param poolSize 连接池大小
* @param minSize 池中保持激活的最少连接数
* @param serverList 服务器列表
*/
ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, int minSize, ServerInfo &server) : ThriftTransportPool(poolSize, minSize, 300, 60, server)
{
}

ThriftTransportPool(int poolSize, ServerInfo &server) : ThriftTransportPool(poolSize, 1, 300, 60, server)
{
}

ThriftTransportPool(ServerInfo &server) : ThriftTransportPool(1, 1, 300, 60, server)
{
}

int getCheckInvervalSecond() override
{
return checkInvervalSecond;
}

void setCheckInvervalSecond(int checkInvervalSecond) override
{
this->checkInvervalSecond = checkInvervalSecond;
}

/**
* 从池中取一个可用连接
* @return
*/
std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> get() override
{
if (sem_trywait(&access) == 0)
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mt);
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (pool[i]->isAvailable())
{
pool[i]->setIsBusy(true);
pool[i]->setLastUseTime(time(0));
return pool[i];
}
}
//尝试激活更多连接
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (!pool[i]->isBusy() && !pool[i]->isDead() && !pool[i]->isOpen())
{
pool[i]->open();
pool[i]->setIsBusy(true);
pool[i]->setLastUseTime(time(0));
return pool[i];
}
}
}
throw std::runtime_error("can not get available client");
}

/**
* 客户端调用完成后,必须手动调用此方法,将TTransport恢复为可用状态
*
* @param client
*/
void release(ITransportWrapperPtr client) override
{
bool released = false;
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mt);
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (client == pool[i] && pool[i]->isBusy())
{
pool[i]->setIsBusy(false);
released = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (released)
{
sem_post(&access);
}
}

void destory() override
{
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
pool[i]->destroy();
}
allowCheck = false;
checkThread.detach();
std::cout << "连接池被销毁!" << std::endl;
}

/**
* 获取当前已经激活的连接数
*
* @return
*/
int getActiveCount() override
{
int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (!pool[i]->isDead() && pool[i]->isOpen())
{
result += 1;
}
}
return result;
}

/**
* 获取当前繁忙状态的连接数
*
* @return
*/
int getBusyCount() override
{
int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (!pool[i]->isDead() && pool[i]->isBusy())
{
result += 1;
}
}
return result;
}

/**
* 获取当前已"挂"掉连接数
*
* @return
*/
int getDeadCount() override
{
int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (pool[i]->isDead())
{
result += 1;
}
}
return result;
}

string tostring() override
{
return "poolsize:" + to_string(pool.size()) +
",minSize:" + to_string(minSize) +
",maxIdleSecond:" + to_string(maxIdleSecond) +
",checkInvervalSecond:" + to_string(checkInvervalSecond) +
",active:" + to_string(getActiveCount()) +
",busy:" + to_string(getBusyCount()) +
",dead:" + to_string(getDeadCount());
}

string getWrapperInfo(ITransportWrapperPtr client) override
{
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (pool[i] == client)
{
return pool[i]->tostring();
}
}
return "";
}

/**
* 连接池初始化
*/
void init()
{
if (sem_init(&access, 0, poolSize))
{
printf("Semaphore initialization failed!!\n");
exit(-1);
}
pool.resize(poolSize);

for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
int j = i % serverInfos.size();
std::shared_ptr<ITransportPool> transportPool = this->shared_from_this();
if (i < minSize)
{
// 使用可自动回收到连接池的transport
std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> transportWrapper = std::make_shared<TransportWrapper>(serverInfos[j].getHost(), serverInfos[j].getPort(), true);
pool[i] = std::make_shared<PoolingTransport>(transportWrapper, transportPool);
}
else
{
// 使用可自动回收到连接池的transport
std::shared_ptr<ITransportWrapper> transportWrapper = std::make_shared<TransportWrapper>(serverInfos[j].getHost(), serverInfos[j].getPort());
pool[i] = std::make_shared<PoolingTransport>(transportWrapper, transportPool);
}
}

check();
}

private:
void construct(int poolSize, int minSize, int maxIdleSecond, int checkInvervalSecond, vector<ServerInfo> &serverList)
{
if (poolSize <= 0)
{
poolSize = 1;
}
if (minSize > poolSize)
{
minSize = poolSize;
}
if (minSize <= 0)
{
minSize = 0;
}
this->maxIdleSecond = maxIdleSecond;
this->minSize = minSize;
this->poolSize = poolSize;
this->serverInfos = serverList;
this->allowCheck = true;
this->checkInvervalSecond = checkInvervalSecond;
}
/**
* 检查空闲连接
*/
void check()
{
checkThread = std::thread([&]()
{
while (allowCheck)
{
std::cout << "--------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "开始检测空闲连接..." << std::endl;
for (int i = 0; i < pool.size(); i++)
{
if (pool[i] == nullptr)
{
std::cout << "pool[" << i << "]为null" << std::endl;
}
// std::cout << pool[i]->tostring() << std::endl;
if (pool[i]->isAvailable())
{
long idleTime = time(0) - pool[i]->getLastUseTime();
std::cout << "available pool[" << i << "] idleTime: " << idleTime << std::endl;
//超过空闲阀值的连接,主动断开,以减少资源消耗
if (idleTime > maxIdleSecond)
{
if (getActiveCount() > minSize)
{
pool[i]->destroy();
pool[i]->setIsBusy(false);
std::cout << pool[i]->getHost() << ":" << to_string(pool[i]->getPort()) << " 超过空闲时间阀值被断开!" << std::endl;
}
}
}
}
std::cout << "当前活动连接数:" << getActiveCount() << std::endl;
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(checkInvervalSecond * 1000));
}
});
}
};

简直太神奇了,以后再也不用担心连接爆了,而且对于不怎么活跃的连接,经过一段时间后,会自动释放掉,连接池也不会经常保持那么多连接,毕竟不用也占有资源。这个框架弄好以后,用起来就非常方便了,这就是一个打地基的过程,后面建起来高楼大厦就更稳更快了,感觉还是要懂设计模式,才能写出大工程的代码,否则新需求来了,维护起来非常痛苦。

nephen wechat
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